SET EXAM 2019-2020 RUSSIAN DETAILS OF SYLLABUS

 UNIT- I PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY Classification of the Vowels and the Consonants Rhythm and intonation

 UNIT- II LEXICOLOGY AND PHRASEOLOGY Types of lexical meanings 

UNIT- III MORPHOLOGY AND WORD FORMATION Parts of Speech and main methods of word formation. UNIT- IV SYNTAX-SIMPLE SENTENCE Complex and compound sentence

 UNIT- V CULTURAL HISTORY Reforms of Peter I Peasants Revolts Decembrist Movement Abolition of Serfdom Patriotic War of 1812 First Russian Revolution October Revolution Civil War Disintegration of USSR 

UNIT- VI CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF RUSSIAN FOLKLORE Russian literature up to the end of the 18th century Slovo o polku Igorove, Khozhdenie za tri moray

 UNIT- VII CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY 1 A. S. Pushkin - Evgeny Onegin Poems: Ya vas lyubil, Ya pomnyu chudnoe mgnovenye, Zimnii vecher 2. M.Lermontov : Geroi Nashevo vremeni Poems: Parus , Smert’ poeta 3. N.V.Gogol : Shinel, Myortvye dushi 4. Turgenev : Otsy I deti 5. Literary critics Belinsky, Chernyshevsky, Dobrolyubov, Pisarev

 UNIT- VIII CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE SECOND HALF OF 19TH CENTURY AND BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY 1. Nekrasov and his poem Komu na Rusi zhit’ khorosho 2. F.M.Dostoevsky : Prestupleniye I nakazaniye, Bratya Karamazovy 3. L.N.Tolstoy: Anna Karenina, Voskresenye 4. A.P.Chekhov: Features of short stories in general Smert’ chinovnika , Chelovek v futlyare, Vishnyovy sad - in detai 5. Maxim Gorky: Salient features of short stories and Mat’ 

UNIT - IX SALIENT FEATURES OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE AFTER OCTOBER REVOLUTION 1. Alexander Blok , Symbolism, the poem : “Dvenadtsat’” 2. V. Mayakovsky: Futurism and the poem “ Khorosho” 3. Esenin : Village poems in general Dosvidaniya drug moi…, Rus Ukhodyashaya in detail 4. M.Sholokhov : Tikhii Don 5. Pasternak : Doktor Zhivago 6. A.Solzhenitsyn : Odin den v zhizni Ivana Denisovicha 7. General survey of the works of the following writers: V .Shukshin, V.Rasputin, M.Bulgakov, Astafyev 

UNIT - X GENERAL TRENDS IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN LITERATURE 

SET EXAM 2019-2020 PHYSICS DETAILS OF SYLLABUS

I. BASIC MATHEMATICAL METHODS Vector algebra and vector calculus, matrices, tensors (elementary methods), Linear differential equations, Fourier-series, Elementary complex analysis, Error analysis in experiments. 

II. CLASSICAL MECHANICS Basic principles of classical dynamics, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Formulations, symmetries and conservation laws, Motion in a central force field, collisions and scattering, wave motion, wave equation, phase velocity and group velocity, special theory of Relativity-Lorentz transformations, mass-energy equivalence.

 III. ELECTROMAGNETICS Electrostatics - Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value problems (simple cases), magnetostatics - Ampere’s theorem, Biot-Savart law, time varying fields, Maxwell’s equations and conditions at a Boundary, Scalar and vector potentials, Electromagnetic waves, reflection and refraction at perfect conductor and dielectric, Rectangular waveguides - TE and TM waves. Electro dynamics of a charged particle in electric and magnetic fields, Poyting’s vector. 

IV. THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS Laws of thermodynamics , Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell relations, Chemical potential, Phase space - concept of ensembles, partition function, Classical and quantum statistics, degenerate electron gas, black body radiation and Planck’s law, Bose-Einstein condensation. 

V. QUANTUM MECHANICS Wave particle duality, uncertainity principle, Schrodinger equation, particle in a box, Harmonic oscillator, Quantum mechanical tunneling, Orbital angular momentum, Angular momentum algebra, Spin, Addition of angular momenta, Schrodinger, Heisenberg and interaction pictures. Matrix representation, Dirac’s bra and ket notation , Hydrogen atom, Spin – orbit coupling, Fine structure, Variational method, Time independent perturbation theory.

 VI. ELECTRONICS Physics of p-n junctions, Diode and a circuit element, clipping, clamping and rectification, Regulated power supply, Transistor and a circuit element, CC, CE and CB configurations, Feedback in amplifiers. FET. Operational amplifier and its applications - inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, Adder, Integrator, Differentiator, Oscillators. Transistor as a switch, OR, AND and NOT gates, Digital integrated circuits – NAND and NOR as universal building blocks, X-OR gates, simple combinational circuits. Half & full adder, Flip-Flops, Shift-registers and counters, A/D and D/A converters. Opto electronic devices including solar cells, Photo detectors and LEDs. Communication - analog and digital, modulation - elementary ideas of amplitude, frequency and phase modulation. Demodulation. Space communication - Satellite communication. Line communication and Optical communication.

 VII. ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS Spectra of hydrogen atom, hydrogen - like ions, spin - orbit interaction, fine structure, hyper fine structure, two electron systems - LS and jj couplings, Zeeman, Paschen - Back effects, Stark effect (One electron only) Principles of light emissions and absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein’ A and B coefficients, Lasers. Rotational spectra of molecules, vibrational spectra, rotational - vibrational spectra, electronic spectra of molecules - Franck - Condon principle - IR and Raman spectra - elementary ideas of NMR, ESR and Mossbauer spectroscopy.

 VIII. CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS Crystal classes and systems, Crystal structure, X-ray diffraction methods, Bragg and Laue defraction, structure factor, reciprocal lattice. Lattice vibrations of monoatomic and diatomic lattices, phonons, specific heat of solids. Free electron theory, Fermi-Dirac statistics of electron gas , Specific heat of solids - Einstein’s and Debye’s models. Electron motion in periodic potential, band theory - metals, insulators and semiconductors. Electrical conductivity, Hall effect. Dielectrics - polirization mechanisms, Piezo, pyro and ferro electricity, Dia and para magnetisms. Super conductivity - Meissner effect, Type I and Type II super conductors. Cooper pairs, BCS theory (elementary ideas).

 IX. NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS Basic nuclear properties - size, shape, charge distribution, spin and parity. Characterestis of nuclear force, Deuteron problem. Radioactivity. Nuclear reactions, elementary ideas of reaction mechanism, compound nucleus. Nuclear fission - neutrons released in fission, cross sections, liquid drop models, semi - empirical mass formula. Principles of Nuclear Fusion. Nuclear shell model. Interaction of radiation with matter, particle detectors - GM counter, ionisation chamber, scintillation counter. Particle physics - symmetries and conservation laws, classification and properties, isospin, strangeness, Elementary ideas of Quark model. 

SET EXAM 2019-2020 MATHEMATICS DETAILS OF SYLLABUS

 UNIT I - BASIC MATH 1. ALGEBRA Basic properties of real and complex numbers. Absolute value. Polar form of a complex number. De Moivre’s Theorem and complex nth roots. Polynomials and polynomial equations, remainder and factor theorems. Quadratic equations. Systems of linear equations and their consistency. Matrix methods of checking consistency and solving systems of linear equations. Algebra of matrices. Basic combinatorics involving permutations and combinations. 

2. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY Coordinates of points in plane or space. Distance in terms of coordinates. Coordinates of points on line determined by two specified points. Slope of a line. Representation of curves in a plane as equations and vice versa, especially straight lines, circles and conics. Inferring geometric properties of plane curves from the algebraic properties of their equations and vice versa. Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line in space. Equations of lines in space. Coplanar and non-coplanar lines. Equations of planes and spheres.

 3. SETS AND FUNCTIONS General ideas of sets, especially sets of numbers and operations on sets. Real valued functions as transformations, domain and range of such functions. Injective and surjective functions, bijections and inverses. Graphs of real valued functions, especially polynomials and trigonometric functions. Composition of functions

 4. CALCULUS Intuitive idea of limits of functions, differentiability, derivative as slope. Derivatives of polynomial functions, exponential function and trigonometric functions; derivatives of sums and products, composite and inverse functions. Increasing and decreasing functions, local extrema, simple applications. Integration as anti-differentiation, integral as sum. Areas under curves and volumes of solids of revolution, using integration. 

UNIT II - REAL AND COMPLEX ANALYSIS Limits Convergence sequences and series of real and complex numbers. Geometric and harmonic series. Sequences and series of real and complex functions, point-wise and uniform convergence. Power series, radius of convergence. The exponential series. Limits and continuity of real and complex functions Differentiation Differentiation of real and complex functions. Analytic functions. Power series as analytic functions, extension of exponential and trigonometric functions to complex numbers. Branches of logarithm. Isolated singularities of complex function. Integration Riemann integrals and Riemann Stieltjes integrals of real valued functions. The concepts of Lebesgue measure and Lebesgue integral of real valued functions. Line integrals of complex valued functions, Cauchy’s Theorem and Integral Formula for complex functions. Contour integration. Analytic functions Properties of complex analytic functions, such as infinite differentiability, power series expansion, isolated zeros. Liouvilles’ Theorem. Open Mapping Theorem. Maximum Modulus Theorem. Cauchy-Riemann Equations, harmonic conjugates. Conformal mappings, Mobius transformations.

 UNIT III - ABSTRACT ALGEBRA Rings Ring of integers and ring of polynomials over real numbers. Integers modulo n. Finite rings. Commutative and non-commutative rings. Ideals, maximal ideals, prime ideals. Quotients. Homomorphisms and isomorphisms. Homomorphic images as quotients. Divisors of zeros. Integral domains. Euclidean domains. Factorization, units, associates, primes. Primitive polynomials. Fields Rational numbers, real numbers and complex numbers as fields. Integers modulo a prime number. Finite fields. Finite integral domains are fields. Polynomials over fields, reducibility and irreducibility. Algebraic and transcendental extensions of fields. Splitting fields. Vector spaces Vector spaces over a field, especially over real numbers and complex numbers. Linear independence and dependence. Basis. Dimension. Linear subspaces and quotients. Geometry of R2 and R3 Linear maps. Representation of linear maps between finite dimensional vector spaces as matrices and vice-versa. Change of basis. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Function spaces as linear spaces. Differentiation and integration as linear maps. Groups Groups of permutations. Groups of units of rings. Abelian and non-abelian groups. Cyclic groups. Finite and infinite groups. Subgroups. Normal subgroups and quotients. Homomorphisms and isomorphisms. Homomorphic images and quotients. Lagrange’s Theorem. Order of an element. Groups of prime order and prime-square order. Sylow’s Theorem as a partial converse of Lagrange’s Theorem. 

 UNIT IV - ABSTRACT ANALYSIS Topology Metric as an abstractions of the absolute value of real and complex numbers. The Euclidean metric on Rn and Cn . The supremum metric and the integral metric on the set of real or complex valued functions on a closed interval. Limit points in a metric space. Convergence of sequences in a metric space. Cauchy sequences. Complete metric spaces. Completion of a metric space. Cantor’s Theorem and Baire’s Theorem. Topological spaces as generalizations of metric spaces. Non-metrizable spaces. Usual topology on R and C. Basis for a topology. Closure, interior and boundary of subsets. Compactness and connectedness. Compact subsets and connected subsets of R and C. Heine-Borel Theorem for Rn Convergence of sequences in a topological space. Non-uniqueness of limits. Hausdorff spaces. Continuity of functions between topological spaces. Preservation of compactness and connectedness. Non-continuity of inverse functions. Homeomorphisms. Product topology and the topology of point-wise convergence in function spaces. Functional Analysis The norm on a vector space as a generalization of the length of a vector. Euclidean norm on Rn and Cn . Then ℓn p and ℓp spaces. Supremum norm and integral norm on the space of continuous complex valued functions on a closed interval. The Lp spaces. Closed and non-closed linear subspaces. Closure and interior of linear subspaces. Continuous linear maps between normed linear spaces. Non-continuity of the inverse. Boundedness and continuity. Banach spaces. Open Mapping Theorem and the Bounded Inverse Theorem. Quotients as images for Banach spaces. Inner products as generalization of the dot product. Examples of norms arising from inner products and not arising from any inner product. Parallelogram Law. Orthogonality in inner product spaces. Orthogonal bases. Bessel’s Inequality. Hilbert Spaces. Parseval’s Identity. Fourier Expansion. Continuous linear maps between Hilbert spaces. Adjoint of a linear map. 

SET EXAM 2019-2020 HOME SCIENCE DETAILS OF SYLLABUS

 UNIT - I - HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND FAMILY RELATIONS 

1. Child development - meaning, principles, and scope of child development - trends in contemporary research 2 Heredity and environment. 3. Growth and development - concept and principles stages. Areas of development. Influence of heredity and environment on human beings. 4. Developmental tasks during infancy, childhood and adolescence. 5. Early childhood care and education - meaning, importance, scope, types, requirements of pre-school education 6. Adolescence - meaning importance and classification. Importance of guidance and counseling during adolescence. 7. Personality - theories and factors affecting children with special needs and care. 8. Marriage and Family - meaning and importance, types, role of family on child development. Parent hood - preparation and responsibility of parenthood, caring practices, effect on personality development . 9. Sex education - meaning, different approaches importance for children and adolescence. Family welfare programmes - programmes and policies of governmental and NGO agencies. 10. National policy for children. Rights of children, Important laws pertaining to children. National, International and other agencies in the field of child welfare such as - ICCW. NIPCCD, NCERT, CSWB, WHO, UNICEF,UNESCO, ICDS.

 UNIT - II - FOOD, NUTRITION AND DIETETICS 1. Food groups, nutrients, importance of carbohydrates, proteins, fat, vitamins, minerals, fibre, and water in human nutrition 2. Introduction to dietetics - meaning and scope, Role of dietitian in hospitals, meal planning normal and therapeutic diets and hospital diets 3. Physical and physiochemical changes in food in relation to cookery, gel formation denaturation of proteins - properties of colloids emulsion stablisers, browning reaction enzymatic and non-enzymatic changes in food. 4. Post harvest technology measures adopted by government to increase food production green, white, blue revolutions 5. Food processing Importance – principles and methods of food preservation –meat, fish, egg, cereals, pulses, fruits and vegetables – methods of enhancing nutrients in food. 6. Food adulteration - definition meaning, adulterants, health hazard measures to check food adulteration different food adulteration Acts. 7. Food poisoning - natural and microbial poisoning useful microbes in food. 8. Food Sanitation and Quality control – Microbial indicators of hygiene, basic principles of food sanitation – precaution against kitchen accidents. Control of food quality, food laws, standards PFA, FPO, BIS / ISI, Agmark, food labels, food testing labs. 9. Role of nutrition in national development - prevalence of malnutrition and measures to overcome. Assesment of nutritional status of the community. 10. Role of national and international organisation to combat malnutrition .ICMR, ICAR, CSWB, SSWB, FAO, UNICEF, WHO, CARE. 

UNIT III - FAMILY RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 1. Management - defenition meaning and scopeconcept of home management and scope-decision making process goals, values, standards. 2. Resources - management of human resources - classificaton of resources - Basic characteristics of resource. 3. Work simplification - definition - application to household activities. Importance of labour saving device. Role of women in changing society. Ergonomics relating to home and family. 4. Home lighting and most common household Equipment. 5. Consumer education , protection, rights and guidance cell. 6. Science and Technology - non conventional energy – biogas, solar ,wind and wave. Waste management – three R’s in waste management. 7. Housing – Principles of planning family houses, approaches to housing, low cost housing strategies, low cost building materials.. 8. Interior designing – elements, principles and application in houses. Prang colour wheel – qualities of colour and colour schemes. 9. Internal and external space organization – space organization in residential areas, storage – principles of external space organization, meaning, importance of landscaping – components of landscape design 10. Furniture, soft furnishing, window decorations, and accessories – flower arrangements oriental and Japanese styles.

 UNIT IV- TEXTILES AND CLOTHING 1. Textile fabrics - definition - classification and properties - test for identification 2. Textile yarns - definition and types - spinning - definition and types. 3. Textile fabrics - Technical meaning of fabrics methods of construction - weaving - parts of a loom - types of weaves - fabric construction, other methods of fabric construction - knitting, bonding, laminating, felting, melting. 4. Dying and printing – definitions, and types . 5. Finishes - mechanical, chemical and functional classifications. 6. Laundry and Stain removal – laundering different types of cloths, cleaning agents – methods of removing different types of stains. 7. Storage of different types of fabrics . 8 Selection of clothing - factors affecting selection of clothes for different personalities 9. Clothing construction - sewing equipment seams, plackets, pleats, fastners, collars, sleeves. 10. Alteration of garments. 

UNIT V - EXTENSION EDUCATION 1. Extension education - meaning principles objective and scope of extension education community development in India - meaning and objectives - qualities of extension worker. 2. Community Development in India - meaning principles, objectives, evolution, philosophy, Evolution of community development programme in India - set up and functions at various levels. community development through Five year plan, principles of democratic decentralisation - 3 tier system of Panchayathi Raj, evolution, set up and function at central, state, district, block and village levels 73rd and 74th Amendments. 3. Social problems - population explosion, illiteracy, unemployment, poverty, special issues and problems of women. 4. On-going programmes and services for poverty alleviation, economic empowerment, nutrition, health and upliftment programmes for women and children. 5. Concepts of rural development and administration - meaning, types, principles, organisation control and supervision, co-ordination and training. 6. Adult Education in extension - Need for adult education, planning, implementation and evaluation of adult education programmes. Role of voluntary organisations - CSWB, Kasthurba Gandhi, Bharath Sevak Samaj. 7. Developmental and educational communication - concept and classification of communication - elements of communication - traditional methods - selection, use and purpose - advanced methods, ETV, development of IT. 8. Audio Visual aids- uses in classroom teaching. - cone of experience - preparation of different Audio visual Aids - their individual advantages and disadvantages. 9. Adoption and diffusions of innovation - perceived attributes of innovation, stages of adoption - adoptor categories. 10. Extension programme planning - Needs, principles, steps in programme development ,

SET EXAM 2019-2020 HISTORY DETAILS OF SYLLABUS

 UNIT -1- HISTORICAL METHOD Meaning and scope of History-History as a unique discipline-uses-relation with other subjects - Objectivity and value judgment. Philosophies of history Research in history - Sources - Criticism - Synthesis of facts - generalisation - exposition. Importance of footnotes and bibliography

 UNIT - 2 – HISTORIOGRAPHY A) Western historiography Greek historiography Enlightenment historiography Historical materialism Annales Paradigm Recent trends in historiography B) Indian historiography:- Ithihasa--Purana tradition Arab-Persian tradition Colonial historiography Nationalist historiography Marxist historiography Subaltern Historiography 

UNIT - 3 - KERALA HISTORY Pre-history of Kerala -Megalithic culture.Sangam Age-Tinai organisation State and society under the Kulasekharas Socio-economic and political institutions of medieval Kerala. Advent of the Europeans Rise of monarchies Mysorean invasion Resistance to the British Agrarian unrest Social reform movements Struggle for responsible government in Travancore and Cochin. Freedom movement in Malabar. Cultural legacy of modern Kerala Aikya Kerala Movement and formation of the State. Political experiments in Kerala Land reforms - Agricultural and industrial changes. Growth of education Health and family welfare Democratic decentralisation and Peoples Plan. Kerala Model - Problems and Prospects.

 UNIT - 4 - INDIAN HISTORY A) Ancient Indian History: Pre-historic period Harappan civilisation - Vedic Pastoralism - Second urbanisation and rise of new religions - Janapatha state and Magdhan imperialism--Post Mauryan age and foreign invasions - Sangam age and Megalithic culture in the south - Gupta age - Post Gupta period - Urban decay and feudal social formations B) Medieval Indian History Sultanate of Delhi - urban revival - structural changes - Iqta system-state and society in medieval south India--Mughal empire--Land revenue and Mansabdari system C) Modern Indian History Colonial penetration and Indian resistance - Early resistance movements 1857 Revolts- Disintegration of Indian economy and consolidation of British power--Ideological forms of colonial penetration--Education, legal system, medicine literature etc:- Colonial penetration and Indian response -Social reform movements-Ram Mohan Roy, Jyothiba Phule- Arya Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Theosophical Society, Wahabi movement, Aligarh movement etc. Early political organisations and Indian National Congress--Economic nationalism-Drain theory--Swadeshi and Swaraj--Split in the Congress--First world war and Mahatma Gandhi on the national scene-popular agitations-Non-co-operation movement- working class and peasant movements-Civil Disobedience movement and Salt SatyagrahaSecond world war and Quit India movement -Post war uprisings--Cabinet Mission--Independence Act--Transfer of power--Free India--Integration of princely states. D) Contemporary Indian History: Indian planning and mixed economy-Public sector and agriculture--Foreign policy. Political developments after Nehru-Declaration of internal emergency--Formation of non-Congress ministries at the centre--New education policy- Globalisatiion and Indian economy. 

UNIT - 5 - WORLD HISTORY (A) Ancient world history:- Neolithic revolution--Bronze age civilizations - Graeco-Roman civilisations. (B) Medieval history:- Feudalism and Catholic church--Expansion of trade and crusades--Age of transition (C) Modern world history Legacy of French RevolutionScientific revolution -Industrial and agrarian changes -Unification of Italy & GermanyEmergence of capitalism and colonialism--Development of imperialism and scramble for world market --Anti-imperialist struggles--Working class movements in Europe and national movements in the colonies. First world war and reorganization of the world after the war --Russian revolution. Fascism in Europe--Second world war--Liberation movements-League of Nations and UNO-Cold War and post cold war era- unipolar and multipolar. 

SET EXAM 2019-2020 GEOLOGY DETAILS OF SYLLABUS

 1. General Geology Origin of the Earth, Geospheres. Features of continents and ocean basins- their distribution, structure and evolution, Interior of the Earth. Geochronology. Age of the Earth.

2. Geomorphology Geomorphic processes and landforms. Evolution of landforms. Models of Davis, Penk, King, Gilbert and Hack. Fluvial geomorphology: Processes. Morphometric analysis of river basins and fluvial landforms. Hillslope processes and evolution. Coastal geomorphology- Processes and associated landforms. Classification of coasts. Wind action and arid landforms and Glaciers and glacial processes . Glacial landforms. Glaciation. Coral reefs. 

3. Remote Sensing Aerial photography: Types of aerial photographs, principles and methods, geometrical properties, stereoscopy, interpretation. Instruments for measuring and plotting. Geological application. Satellite Remote Sensing: Electromagnetic spectrum, methods of acquisition and instruments. Microwave remote sensing. Different types of satellites used for natural resource evaluation.

 4. Geo Informatics Fundamentals of GIS: Basic concepts, Spatial data and non-spatial data, components of GIS. Spatial data: Spatial entities, Spatial referencing, Topology, Raster and Vector data Data input and editing: Data sources, Scanning, Digitizing, Geo referencing, GCPs, coordinate conversion, Data Editing – Detecting and correcting errors, transformation and generalization, Edge matching and rubber sheeting. Global Positioning System: Over view of GPS and its applications. 

 5. Structural Geology Deformation of rocks: Isotropy, Anisotropy. Competency and incompetency. Elastic, plastic and rupture stages. Classification of Joints, Folds , and Faults. Tectonites: Foliation and Lineation. Petrofabric analysis. Primary and secondary structures. Unconformities. Geological field mapping. 

 6. Geotectonics Continental Drift. Plate Tectonics. Sea-floor Spreading. Polar Wandering and Polar Reversals. Mid-oceanic Ridge System. Island Arcs. Subduction Zones. Trenches. Orogeny.

 7. Stratigraphy Principles of stratigraphy. Modern stratigraphic classification and nomenclature. Correlation. Stratigraphy of shield areas. Greenstone Belts and Granulites. 8. Indian Geology Precambrian, Palaeozoic , Mesozoic and Cenozoic starigraphic units of India and their distribution. Age problems in Indian stratigraphy. Stratigraphy of Kerala.

 9. Palaeontology Kinds of fossils and fossilization. Origin of life. Precambrian life. Geological history of major invertebrate phyla. Evolution of elephants, horse and man. Plant fossils of Gondwana Supergroup. Micropalaeontology: Foraminifers, ostracodes and conodonts. Palynology. 

10. Crystallography Symmetry elements and classification of crystals. 32 crystal classes and forms of crystal systems. Crystal projections: Spherical, Stereographic and gnomonic 

11. Optical Mineralogy General principles of mineral optics. Optical accessories. Optical properties of minerals of all crystal systems. Optical anomalies in minerals 

12. Descriptive Mineralogy Physical and chemical properties of minerals. Classification of minerals. Classification of Silicate minerals. Olivine, Pyroxene, Amphibole, Mica, Feldspar, Feldspathoid, Zeolite, Garnet , Epidote and alumino-silicate group of minerals . Oxides, Hydroxides, Carbonates, Phosphates, Halides, Sulphides, and other common rock forming minerals.

 13. Geochemistry Cosmic abundance of elements. Primary geochemical differentiation of the Earth . Geochemical classification of elements. Geochemical dispersion. Geochemical cycles. pH, Eh, Eh-pH diagrams. Dox potential. Entropy. Enthalpy. Trace elements and their importance. Isotope geology: Applications of isotopes - stable isotopes of Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen and Sulphur. 

 14. Igneous Petrology Forms of igneous bodies. Structures of igneous rocks. Textures: Description and origin of Granite,Granodiorite, Diorite,Granophyre,Syenite,Gabbro, Peridotite, Dunite,,Dolerite, Lamprophyre, Pegmatite, Aplite, Kimberlite, Carbonatite, Rhyolite, Trachyte, Dacite, Andesite, Basalt, Anorthosite, Ophiolite, Komatite. Phase rule and equilibrium in silicate systems. Unary, binary and ternary systems. Order of crystallization of magmatic minerals. Reaction principle. Variation diagrams.

 15. Sedimentary and Metamorphic Petrology Classification of sedimentary depositional environments. Origin of sediments. Textures and structures of sedimentary rocks. Provenance. Heavy minerals and their significance. Lithification and diagenesis. Description of sandstones, limestones, mudsrtones, evaporates and phosphorites. Agents of metamorphism. Types and controls. Structures . Mineral paragenesis. Facies and grade of metamorphism. Graphical representation of mineral paragenesis. Acf, AKF and AFM diagrams. Anatexis and palingenesis. Ptrography and petrogenesis of schists, gneisses charnockites, granulites, Amphibolites, Khondalites, marbles, Eclogites, and Migmatites. Retrograde metamorphism. 

16. Economic Geology Processes of formation and characteristics features of various types mineral deposits. Controls of localization of ore mineralization. Theories of ore genesis. Metallogenic epochs and metallogenic provinces. Genesis, geological settings, mode of occurrence and distribution of deposits of iron, copper, lead, zinc, aluminium, magnesium, manganese, chromium, uranium and titanium in India . Major Indian occurrences of mica asbestos, barites graphite, gypsum, precious and semi-precious minerals. Indian occurrence of refractory minerals, abrasive minerals, and minerals used in ceramic, glass, fertilizer, cement, paint, pigment industries. Distribution and nature of occurrence of coal, petroleum , natural gas and atomic minerals in India

 17. Exploration Geology Methods of surface and subsurface exploration. Field equipments and field tests used in exploration. Guides for locating ore deposists. Various methods of geological, geophysical, geochemical, geobotanical exploration methods. Principles of sampling and assaying and estimation of ore reserves. Methods and types of drilling . Reserve and resource. 

18. Hydrogeology Hydrologic cycle. Origin of ground water. Hydrologeological properties of rocks: Porosity, permeability, void ratio, transmissivity, storativity, specifc yield, specific retention. Classification of rock bodies on the basis of water bearing properties: aquifer, aquifuge, aquiclude and aquitard. Types of aquifers. Coastal aquifers and sea water intrusion. Laws of ground water movement. Water Table, Darcy’s Law. Piezometric surface. Aquifer tests and pumping tests. Chemisry of ground water and methods of plotting of chemical data.Ground water provinces of India. Exploration method for groundwater. Recharging aquifers, Methods and techniques of rainwater harvesting.

 19. Engineering Geology Engineering properties of rocks. Criteria for the selection of dam sites, tunnel sites, and reservoir sites. Landslides, types, causes and mitigation.

 20. Mining Geology Terminology. Methods of mining – alluvial, open cast and underground. Coal mining methods. Ore beneficiation. Mining and beneficiation of beach placers of Kerala 

21. Environmental Geology Natural resources- their conservation, management and sustainable development. Impact of mining on environment. Pollution of air, water . Biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand. Global warming and ozone depletion. Environmental impact of earthquakes, and volcanoes. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) models. Disaster management.